Wen hsiang Chiu National Taiwan University of Science and Technology   濟南路一段321號(國立台北商業大學財經學院) Taipei, 206 100   chiuwh@ntub.edu.tw             JEL Areas: E2 : Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: General (includes Measurement and Data) O1 : Economic Development: General