Abdelbari El khamlichi Clermont University, University of Auvergne, CRCGM EA3849   Clermonr Ferrand, 63000 France   abdelbari.el_khamlichi@udamail.fr             JEL Areas: G1 : General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) G1 : General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)