Itofumi Takeuchi a Department of Economics, Nihon University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8005, Japan   2-23-22 Honchyo Funabashi-shi,Chiba,Japan Funabashi-shi, Chiba, Chiba 273-0005 Japan   cdit26076@g.nihon-u.ac.jp             JEL Areas: E2 : Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: General (includes Measurement and Data) D1 : Household Behavior: General