First Author:   Kameshwari Shankar Department of Economics and Business, Colin Powell School, City College of New York kshankar@ccny.cuny.edu   NAC 5/139C, City College of New York New York, 10031, USA       Second Author: Vidya Atal Department of Economics, School of Business, Montclair State University atalv@mail.montclair.edu   1 Normal Avenue, Montclair State University Montclair, 07043, USA