Toshiki Tamai Graduate School of Economics, Nagoya University   Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Ngoya, Aichi 464-8601 Japan   tamai@soec.nagoya-u.ac.jp             JEL Areas: O4 : Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General H5 : National Government Expenditures and Related Policies National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General