Carlândia B. S. Fernandes State University of Maringá, Brazil   Rua Francisco Glicério, 517, apt 63 Maringá, Paraná 87030-050 Brazil   carlandia@gmail.com     Biographical Sketch: Doctor in Development Economics in the Department of Economics at University of São Paulo-Brazil and former Visiting Scholar at Columbia University, USA. Professor at State University of Maringá, Brazil. Email: carlandia@gmail.com   Primary Research Focus: Fiscal Policy   JEL Areas: O4 : Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General O1 : Economic Development: General